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48 Cd
Element Revision Sheet

Cadmium (Cd)

Transition Metals Block D Group 12 • Period 5
Superhero Identity

"The Poison Painter, a villain who creates brilliant colors but is highly toxic."

A memorable persona to anchor Cd in your mind.

Density

8.65

Grams per cm³

Melting Point

321.069

Celsius (°C)

Atomic Radius

158

Radius (pm)

Everyday Connection

Daily Life Link

Cadmium is found in old, bright yellow or red paints.

Discovery & History

Year Discovered

1817

Discovered By

Friedrich Stromeyer

Origin of Name

"The name is derived from the Latin 'cadmia', the name for the mineral calamine."

Technical Properties

Atomic Mass

112.414 u

Standard State

solid

Boiling Point

767°C

Electron Configuration

[Kr] 4d105s2

1st Ionization Energy

8.994 eV

Electron Affinity

N/A

Oxidation States

[+2]
Appearance

"Cadmium is a soft, bluish-white, toxic metal."

Did You Know?

1

The first rechargeable batteries, nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries, used cadmium as a key component.

2

Cadmium compounds can produce brilliant yellow, orange, and red pigments, which were widely used in paints and plastics.

3

Cadmium is highly toxic and a known human carcinogen, and its use is now heavily restricted in many countries.

4

It is an excellent neutron absorber, so it has been used to make control rods for nuclear reactors.

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