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40 Zr
Element Revision Sheet

Zirconium (Zr)

Transition Metals Block D Group 4 • Period 5
Superhero Identity

"The Nuclear Knight, a hero who can contain the immense power of a nuclear reactor."

A memorable persona to anchor Zr in your mind.

Density

6.52

Grams per cm³

Melting Point

1854

Celsius (°C)

Atomic Radius

186

Radius (pm)

Everyday Connection

Daily Life Link

Zirconium is found in the heat-resistant ceramic of a very sharp kitchen knife.

Discovery & History

Year Discovered

1789

Discovered By

Martin Heinrich Klaproth

Origin of Name

"The name is derived from the Arabic, ''zargun'', meaning gold coloured."

Technical Properties

Atomic Mass

91.224 u

Standard State

solid

Boiling Point

4406°C

Electron Configuration

[Kr] 4d25s2

1st Ionization Energy

6.634 eV

Electron Affinity

N/A

Oxidation States

[+4]
Appearance

"Zirconium is a lustrous, grayish-white, strong metal."

Did You Know?

1

Its exceptional resistance to corrosion and heat, and its inability to absorb neutrons, makes it the primary material used to encase fuel rods in nuclear power plants.

2

The gemstone zircon is a zirconium silicate mineral; however, it should not be confused with cubic zirconia, which is a synthetic, crystalline form of zirconium dioxide.

3

Ceramics made from zirconium dioxide are so tough and sharp they are used to make high-performance knives and scissors.

4

When powdered, zirconium can spontaneously ignite in air, making it an ingredient in some pyrotechnic devices.

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